Glass Mosaic

How To:

Note: Number of Glass Mosaic Tiles in 1 kg is approx 200 pieces.

MOSAIC TECHNIQUES

DIRECT METHOD

The direct methods described below all involve sticking the glass tile pieces directly on to the surface you wish to mosaic. With all the methods you work with the design face up.

1.     Push the glass tile directly into a thick bed of grout and latex mixture. This method is self-grouting. Wash back the excess grout before it dries.

2.     Use an adhesive to stick the tiles, piece by piece directly on to the base. When adhesive is set, grout the mosaic using a latex/grout mixture.

3.     Stick the tiles on to a wire, nylon or fibre mesh. Then push the mesh-plus-tile into a bed of adhesive. Allow to set then grout. This is good for doing large mosaics.

INDIRECT OR REVERSE METHOD

The reverse methods mean that you work from the back or reverse of the design.

Stick the tiles face down on to brown paper, using water-soluble glue. When this stage is completed, flip the mosaic over and press it into the bed of adhesive. You can use a timber board and mallet to press the mosaic flat into the adhesive bed. When the adhesive has set, soak off the brown paper.

This method can be prepared off site and installed later. Also large mosaics can be done in a number of sections and then installed together.

GROUTING

This involves mixing up the grout with a latex additive and then applying it to fill all the spaces between the glass tiles. Press the grout firmly into all the spaces, scrape off any excess, then as the grout is setting use a damp sponge to gently wash back the remaining excess grout. Once set, you may need to go over the mosaic with a rag to polish any residue off the glass.

MOSAIC EQUIPMENT & THEIR USES

Glass Tesserae: These are small tiles made from opalescent glass. They can be used as they are, or easily cut or chipped into smaller pieces for intricate mosaics.

Latex Grout Additive: Use this with grout instead of water. The latex binds the grout together to give extra strength and durability. Until set, the latex can be washed up in water. You can also use the latex/grout mixture as an adhesive bed for external mosaics.

Coloured Grout: This allows you to match colours with your mosaic or the base to which the mosaic is set. Mix this with the latex additive for extra strength.

Mastic Adhesive: The mastic adhesive is used to stick the glass tiles to internal surfaces. It is not recommended for external or water prone mosaics. A latex/grout mixture can be used for these mosaics.

Mosaic Cutter: These ‘chip’ or ‘ snap’ up the glass tiles into smaller pieces. You place the glass tiles between the two cutting wheels then snap down on it to break it into smaller pieces.

Diamantor Glass Cutter: With this cutter you can cut the tiles into shapes or accurate small pieces. Dip the head of the cutter into a lubricant like kerosene, sewing machine oil or glass cutter oil, then draw or push down the cutting wheel across the glass to make ‘score’ line. Apply downward pressure on either side of this line to break the piece. You can use pliers to break small pieces away.

Adhesive Spreader: Use this to apply a grooved bed of adhesive to your mosaic base. This allows you to get an even layer of adhesive on to the base.

Grouter: The flexible rubber of this grouter allows you to easily apply your grout mixture to all the spaces of your mosaic. It is strong but flexible enough to scrape back the excess grout.

Safety Glasses: These should be worn as all times when you are cutting up your glass tiles. They prevent any glass splinters from getting in your eyes.

Mosaic Surfaces suitable for mosaic

Surface: Craft wood, Table tops indoor use Frames, mirrors, wall panels
Description: known as mdf-medium density fibre board it can be cut to shape with a jig saw to the preferred size. A good thickness is 12mm.
Adhesive: PVA, Bond Crete, Latex and grout,Craft glue

Surface: Chipboard
Description: Used in similar respect as Craftwood.
Adhesive: See Craftwood

Surface: Masonite/ Suit tabletops
Description: A manufactured wood which is dark brown (should be attached to a stable surface before grouting as it is quite thin)
Adhesive: PVA, BonCrete, Latex and Grout or Craft glue

Surface: Ply Wood
Description: Plywood is made from thin sheets laminated together. This surface is quite thin and should be attached to a stable surface before grouting. Light brown in colour
Adhesive: PVA, Bond Crete, Latex and grout, Craft Glue

Surface: Plaster/Plasterboard
Description: Direct method is perfect for plasterboard walls. Remember to remove paint beforehand
Adhesive: LMA15 mastic, latex and grout and sand back

Surface: Plastic Lampshade flexible silicon is a great adhesive for flexible surfaces.
Description: Available from hardware stores, eg. Bunnings. Cheap and very effective when mosaiced and lit on a base. Bases available from G.C.A
Adhesive: Silicon (make sure you cover tile well and press down so that there is no air bubbles and wipe excess silicon around edges.

***Big note: when adhering tiles onto surfaces that are flexible use silicon or latex / grout mixture (just make sure the surface is not too flexible) If the tiles are transparent and you want to see through the project use silicon. If the tiles are opaque , latex and grout mixture

**note: when adhering glass transparent tiles, be sure to use a white or clear adhesive otherwise it will make the tiles look dull
Material -Exterior Use

Surface: Marine Plywood
Description: Marine plywood should be a minimum of 20mm thick for stability Suitable for outdoors.
Adhesive: Latex and Grout, Bond crete

Surface: Cement Sheeting
Description: A light grey material should be 10mm, great for wall art, exterior table tops, walls
Adhesive: Latex and Grout, Bond crete

Surface: Terracotta
Description: Terracotta/ waterproof and strong pots great base for mosaic including birdbaths, sculptures
Adhesive: Latex and grout, Bond crete

Surface: Cement
Description: Great surface for mosaic especially exterior use. It's strong, rigid and weatherproof Light grey in color
Adhesive: Latex and grout, Bond crete

Surface: Stone / Brick
Description: Great for exterior and interior use Suitable for stepping stones Pavers
Adhesive: Latex and grout, Bond crete
Non- Porous Surfaces

Surface: Metal
Description: Metal sheet (make sure that it is non flexible Or attach it to a strong base) lightly score the Surface or sand to make porous before adhering To tiles
Adhesive:Two part epoxy, Araldite

Surface: Glass / can be used indoor Suitable for wall art (light
Description: Is extremely effective when using transparent tiles. Important tip***make sure glass tiles are Adhered with smooth side onto glass with plentySilicon, wipe away excess with skewer, press down Well to ensure there are no air bubbles.
Adhesive: Clear silicon

Surface: Ceramic Tile
Description: Glazed or unglazed tiles can be used. If glazed Score lightly before adhering tiles. NB: if your are mosaicing on top of pre existing Tiles you must make sure that they are secured To the existing surface.
Adhesive: latex and grout